解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::ABSTRACT Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax are serious pests of potato, and both species have been recently designated as quarantine organisms in the European Community and in Canada. The sympatric and less damaging species M. hapla is often found associated with both of them under temperate climates. Here, we descr...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.5.380
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Comparison of a sampling of complementary DNA (cDNA) sequences from the Florida citrus tristeza virus (CTV) isolates T3 and T30 to the sequence of the genome of the Israeli isolate VT showed a relatively consistent or symmetrical distribution of nucleotide sequence identity in both the 5' and 3' regions of th...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.4.336
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Bean calico mosaic virus (BCMoV), a whitefly-transmitted geminivirus from Sonora, Mexico, was purified, and the genome components were cloned and sequenced. Purified viral fractions and cloned genome components were infectious by biolistic inoculation to bean, completing Koch's postulates for both. The B biot...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.4.273
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The prevalence of brown stem rot (caused by Phialophora gregata), Heterodera glycines, and Phytophthora sojae in the north central United States was investigated during the fall of 1995 and 1996. Soybean fields were randomly selected using an area-frame sampling design in collaboration with the National Agric...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.3.204
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT A collection of race 1 and race 2 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici was screened for vegetative compatibility and characterized by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis to establish the identity and genetic diversity of the isolates. Comparison of RAPD profiles revealed two main gro...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.2.156
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT A portion of the 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene, the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2), and the 5.8S rDNA gene were polymerase chain reaction-amplified from strains and field populations of Venturia inaequalis and assessed for genetic variation. A previously reported optional group I intron in the 1...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.1.100
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The recent development of molecular-based probes such as mono- and polyclonal antibodies, cloned phytoplasma DNA fragments, and phytoplasma-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has allowed for advances in detection and identification of uncultured phytoplasmas (formerly called mycoplasma-like ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.12.1359
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Genetic variation within a worldwide collection of 208 isolates of Fu-sarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, representing physiological races 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the 20 reported vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs), was analyzed using modified DNA amplification fingerprinting. Also characterized were 133 isolates ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.12.1283
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was purified from grapevines infected with grapevine leafroll-associated viruses 4 (GLRaV-4) and 5 (GLRaV-5), two putative closteroviruses. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on this dsRNA using degenerate oligonucleotides designed to amplify an ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.11.1238
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Cloned genomes of the CFH, Worland, and Cal/Logan strains of beet curly top virus (BCTV) served as helper viruses to trans-replicate defective (D) DNAs that are incapable of self-replication due to deletions within the C1 open reading frame encoding the replication initiator (Rep) protein. The Logan Rep prote...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.11.1174
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Severe epidemics of Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum, group II (teleomorph: Gibberella zeae) have been occurring on wheat crops in the northcentral United States and southern Canada. Evaluation of resistance to FHB is difficul, because resistance is partial and infection depends upon ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.10.1078
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Three similar isolates of Phytophthora (Phytophthora sp-h) were obtained from diseased Spathiphyllum and Primula plants. Cultural characteristics did not fit any known description of Phytophthora species. The Phytophthora sp-h isolates are papillate, are homothallic, possess 80 to 86% amphigynous antheridia, ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.9.922
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris and the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei coinfect chickpeas in southern Spain. The influence of root infection by P. thornei on the reaction of Fusarium wilt-susceptible (CPS 1 and PV 61) and wilt-resistant (UC 27) chickpea cultivars to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris ra...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.8.828
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Natural potato late blight epidemics were studied to assess the relative impact of various inoculum sources of Phytophthora infestans in Southern Flevoland (the Netherlands) from 1994 through 1996. Disease surveys were combined with characterization of isolates for mating type and DNA fingerprint pattern usin...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.8.754
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Application of salicylic acid induces systemic acquired resistance in tobacco. pchA and pchB, which encode for the biosynthesis of salicylic acid in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were cloned into two expression vectors, and these constructs were introduced into two root-colonizing strains of P. fluorescens. Introdu...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.7.678
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Striga aspera and S. hermonthica are sympatric in Africa. Each may serve as virulent gene reservoirs for the other if they hybridize and their hybrids are virulent and fertile. Intraspecific and interspecific crosses were made within and between the species, and reproductive success was determined. Freshly ha...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.6.563
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT During gel (gum) formation in angiosperm trees, fibrillar material accumulated in protective layers of xylem parenchyma cells before being secreted across half-bordered pit membranes into vessel elements. Immunogold labeling demonstrated that this fibrillar material was mainly composed of partially esterified...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.6.494
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT To follow the movement of Erwinia amylovora in plant tissue without dissection, this bacterium was marked with either the lux operon from Vibrio fischeri or the gfp gene from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria, both carried on multicopy plasmids and expressed under the control of the lac promoter from Escherichi...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.5.416
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Inoculation of bean hypocotyls with a nonpathogenic binucleate Rhizoctonia (BNR) species induced systemic resistance and protection of the roots and cotyledons to later challenge with the root rot pathogen Rhizoctonia solani or the anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Bean seedlings that were t...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.4.359
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Biocontrol activity of Candida saitoana and its interaction with Botrytis cinerea in apple wounds were investigated. When cultured together, yeast attached to Botrytis sp. hyphal walls. In wounded apple tissue, C. saitoana restricted the proliferation of B. cinerea, multiplied, and suppressed disease caused b...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.4.282
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The influence exerted by Pythium group F (a minor pathogen ubiquitous in soilless cultures) and P. uncinulatum (a nonpathogenic species) colonization on tomato roots was investigated. In both interactions, infected roots did not exhibit obvious symptoms; however, major physiological changes occurred within th...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.3.234
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Relationships between environmental factors and release of ascospores of Anisogramma anomala, the causal agent of eastern filbert blight, were examined in four European hazelnut (Corylus avellana) orchards during a 2-year period. In each orchard, Burkhard volumetric spore traps and automated weather-monitorin...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.2.122
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Magnaporthe grisea, the causal agent of rice blast, forms a dome-shaped melanized infection structure, an appressorium, to infect its host. Environmental cues that induce appressorium formation in this fungus include the hydrophobicity and hardness of the contact surface and chemicals produced by the host. An...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.1.58
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The ability of Thielaviopsis basicola to survive saprophytically in soil was investigated using root tissue from susceptible hosts as organic substrates. Inoculum densities were lower in soils amended with root tissue than in nonamended controls after 2 and 4 weeks of incubation. The greatest decrease occurre...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.12.1214
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Spot blotch, caused by Cochliobolus sativus, is one of the most common foliar diseases of barley in the upper midwest region of the United States. To examine the genetics of host-specific virulence in C. sativus, a cross was made between isolate ND90Pr (which exhibits high virulence on barley genotype Bowman ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.11.1140
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Ten wild-type strains and two benomyl-resistant mutants of Talaromyces flavus were examined for their ability to secrete the cell wall-degrading enzymes chitinase, beta-1,3-glucanase, and cellulase, to parasitize sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii, to reduce bean stem rot caused by S. rolfsii, and to secrete ant...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.10.1054
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Since 1991, dramatic changes have occurred in the genetic composition of populations of Phytophthora infestans in the United States. Clonal lineages recently introduced into the United States (US-7 and US-8) are more common now than the previously dominant lineage (US-1). To help determine why these changes o...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.9.973
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT A glycoprotein of 34 kDa (GP 34) was solubilized at acidic pH from the mycelium of Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae and was purified by ion exchange and gel permeation chromatography. Whole tobacco plants treated with GP 34 through their roots showed an enhanced lipoxygenase activity as well as hydroxy...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.9.899
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Phytophthora cinnamomi isolates collected from 1977 to 1986 and 1991 to 1993 in two regions in South Africa were analyzed using isozymes. A total of 135 isolates was analyzed for 14 enzymes representing 20 putative loci, of which four were polymorphic. This led to the identification of nine different multiloc...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.8.822
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Laboratory studies were conducted on the characteristics of beet yellows closterovirus (BYV) transmission to sugar beets by the bean aphid, Aphis fabae. The relative transmission efficiency and the retention, acquisition, and inoculation thresholds were evaluated using clonal aphid colonies. Transmission effi...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.7.766
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The effect of the plant on the diversity of soilborne populations of Fusarium oxysporum was assessed after successive cultures of flax, melon, tomato, and wheat in separate samples of the same soil. Forty soil-borne isolates of F. oxysporum and forty root-colonizing isolates of each plant species were sampled...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.7.693
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT This study reports the presence of two fractions from corn seeds inhibitory to aflatoxin formation. Using a sensitive laboratory assay that can measure both inhibition of fungal growth and inhibition of aflatoxin biosynthesis, we examined aqueous extracts from seeds of Tex6, a corn inbred shown to be highly r...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.6.622
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Relationships between disease incidence measured at two levels in a spatial hierarchy are derived. These relationships are based on the properties of the binomial distribution, the beta-binomial distribution, and an empirical power-law relationship that relates observed variance to theoretical binomial varian...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.5.542
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The spread of Fusarium head blight of wheat from a small area inoculum source was examined in wheat plots (100, 625, or 2,500 m(2)) inoculated in the center with Gibberella zeae-colonized corn kernels or macro-conidia sprayed on heads at anthesis. With the first inoculation method, disease foci were produced ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.4.414
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were used to characterize the genetic structures of three field populations of Phaeosphaeria nodorum from Texas, Oregon, and Switzerland. Data from seven nuclear RFLP loci were used to estimate gene diversity and genetic distances and to make indirect measures...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.3.353
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Pasteuria penetrans is a bacterial parasite of root-knot nematodes that shows great potential as a biocontrol agent. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the ultrastructure, morphology, and sporogenesis of four isolates of P. penetrans. The effects of different Meloidogyne spp. and...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.3.273
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Monoconidial isolates of Venturia inaequalis were collected in 1990 and 1991 from orchards in New York, Michigan, and Nova Scotia that had never or only sporadically been treated with fungicides acting as sterol demethylation inhibitors (DMIs). Sensitivities of isolates to two representative DMIs (fenarimol a...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.2.184
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT One hundred monoascosporic isolates of Mycosphaerella fijiensis were collected in February and November 1994 from each of two banana (Musa spp.) plantations in Costa Rica. Locations at San Pablo and Coopecariari had been sprayed with propiconazole for the past 7 years to control black Sigatoka. One hundred mo...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.1.96
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Wheat was assessed at four crop growth stages for take-all (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) in a series of field trials that studied the effects of five wheat management practices: sowing date, plant density, nitrogen fertilizer dose and form, and removal/burial of cereal straw. An equation expressing d...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.1.26
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00